Variable escapement for typewriters



Aug. 11, 1953 F. w. SCHREMP VARIABLE ESCAPEMENT FOR TYPEWRITERS 4Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENZTZOR r 5c 2' 222 ,Fee r 2 I j p I TT ORNEY- FiledMay 3, 1949 S i FE mw.

Aug. 11, 1953 F. w. SCHREMP 2,648,418

VARIABLE ESCAPEMENT FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed May 3, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTOR 1.953 F. w. SCHR EMP 2,648,418

VARIABLE ESCAPEMENT I FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed May 3, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 3INVENTOR Aug. 11, 1953 F. w. sHREMP VARIABLE ESCAPEMENT FOR TYPEWRITERS4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed May 3, 1949 INVENTOR flederzcii r 6222? 4"?ATORNEY Patented Aug. 11, 1953 VARIABLE ESCAPEMEN T FOR TYPEWRITERSFrederick W. Schremp, Elmira, N. Y., assignor to Remington Rand Inc.,New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application May 3, 1949,Serial No. 91,126

Claims. (Cl. 197-84) This invention relates to variable escapementmechanism for typewriters.

The invention provides a variable escapement mechanism particularlyadapted to obtain a duplex escapement operation of a kind suitable foruse in writing languages such as Arabic and Burmese. According to theinvention, the variable escapement is provided by mounting a pivotedstop on the escapement rocker for movement into and out of an operativeposition to limit the movement of the loose dog for producing adifferent stroke of operation of the loose dog to that obtained by thefixed stops on the escapement rocker; by increasing the number of teethon the escapement wheel for cooperation with the pivoted and fixed stopson the rocker; and by providing a supplemental universal bar selectivelyoperated by selected type actions for moving the pivoted stop intooperative position to produce the difierent letter spacing operation ofthe carriage to that produced by the fixed stops. In this way, twodifferent letter spacing movements of the carriage can be obtainedthrough the use of a single pivoted stop on the escapement rockeractuated by the supplemental universal bar so as to modify the usualoperation of the typewriter escapement mechanism by the type actuateduniversal bar. The escapement mechanism is also constructed to obtain aletter spacing operation of the carriage in either direction, the leftto right carriage movement being obtained by adding a bracket rotatablymounting a pinion intermeshed with the escapement gear and the carriagerack bar to obtain the reverse movement required for writing Arabic andsome other languages.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows a vertical transverse section through a typewriterdiagrammatically illustrating a center type action with the mechanismapplied thereto according to the invention, to produce the two differentletter spacing movements of the carriage.

Fig. 1a shows the forward ends of the key levers and space barmechanism, offset above Fig. 1, which are omitted from the left-handside of Fig. 1 and which complete the cross-section through thetypewriter.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical cross-section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1showing the escapement mechanism and associated portions of thetypewriter on a scale twice the normal size.

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section taken approximately on the line 3--3of Fig. 2 illustrating the escapement rocker in the position of restbetween letter spacing operations of the escapement.

Fig. 4 is a cross-section similar to Fig. 3 showing the escapementrocker at the opposite limit of its pivotal movement during a spacingoperation, the pivoted stop being shown in an inoperative position infull lines and in an operative position in dot and dash lines.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary perspective showing a few of the key levers andpart of the case shift mechanism at the front of the typewriter inperspective looking from a position above and to the right of themachine with the frame and other portions removed, for illustrating themounting of the supplemental universal bar and the key lever actuatedmembers having selective cooperation with the universal bar in operatingthe pivoted stop mounted on the escapement rocker.

The invention is described and shown in the drawings as applied to aRemington typewriter more specifically known as the Model 17 orRemington KMC. This typewriter is shown in Patents Nos. 2,289,531, July14, 1942; 2,304,216, December 8, 1942; 2,326,312, August 10, 1943; andin U. S. application S. N. 66,672, filed December 22, 1948, now PatentNo. 2,579,763, in view of which only those portions of a typewriter areillustrated as are necessary to show the invention in association withrelated typewriter parts. The invention is designed to provide for thereplacement of a few parts of the conventional typewriter with theaddition of new parts for obtaining a duplex escapement with the usualcarriage feed or with a reverse carriage feed for the purpose of writingsuch languages as Burmese and Arabic.

The conventional Remington typewriter has the usual frame, only portionsof which are illustrated in the drawings. The back plate of the frame isillustrated at l and a front lower cross bar at 2. The transverselyextending key lever bracket 3 is secured to the frame and pivotallymounts the rear end of each key lever 6 while the front end extends intothe keyboard of the typewriter where it carries key cap 5. Atransversely extending bell crank bracket 6 is attached to the frame andpivotally mounts each type bar operating bell crank l pivotallyconnected at one end by a link 8 with the corresponding key lever 4.Bell crank I has a link 9 connecting the other end with thecorresponding type bar i9 pivotally mounted on type segment i I. Typesegment i I is mounted for vertical shifting movement in the operationof the case shift mechanism for shifting the type bars in writing upperand lower case letters in the manner described in aforementioned PatentNo. 2,289,531.

A bracket I2 is mounted on bell crank bracket 6 and has one end oftension spring l3 attached thereto while the opposite end is connectedto key lever 4 as shown in Fig. l. A transversely extending anchor barl4 has one end of bell crank operating tension spring l5 connectedthereto with the opposite end attached to bell crank l, as shown inFig. 1. Springs [3 and I5 normally return each key lever and type bar tothe inoperative position with type bar It engaged on type bar cushion16.

The platen is indicated at IT in Fig. 1 and each type bar has printingengagement in the central position in a manner well known in the art,the mechanism for supporting the platen including the ribbon guide andtype guide construction shown in the aforementioned patents and beingomitted in view of their having no direct association with thedisclosure of the present invention.

The typewriter has the usual tabulator mechanism mounted on back plateI, including lower comb l8 and upper comb bars l9 mounted for slidablyguiding a plurality of blades in spaced parallel relation for verticalmovement. The tabulator mechanism is of conventional form and is notillustrated in the present application aside from the comb structurewhich is used in connection with the new escapement mechanism.

The escapement mechanism has an escapement rocker bracket 23 mounted onrocker bracket supporting plate 2! detachably secured to back plate 6.The escapement wheel assembly has a sleeve carrying escapement wheel 22rotatably mounted on wheel bearing screw 23. Escapement wheel 22 hastwice as many escapement teeth 24 as the usual escapement Wheel.Escapement gear 25 is rigidly mounted on the sleeve carrying escapementwheel 22 adjacent one side, while a friction brake 2B is also mounted onthe sleeve or hub of escapement wheel 22 at the opposite side forholding loose dog silencer arm 21. This escapement wheel assembly isrotatably maintained in assembled relation on escapement rocker bracketby wheel bearing screw 23, as shown in the aforementioned applicationand used on the Remington typewriter. The movement of loose dog silencerarm 21 is limited by step screw 23 having one end engaged in a slot inloose dog silencer arm 27 which provides for sufficient movement of arm27 to operate the loose dog of the escapement mechanism for holding itin disengaged relation relative to teeth 24 of the escapement wheel inthe return movement of the carriage in the usual well-known manner.

Escapement gear 25 may be directly intermeshed with carriage feed rack29 for normal carriage feed operation. However, in writing Arabic andsome other languages, it is necessary t provide for a reverse motion ofthe carriage from that normallyv used. For this purpose a bearing plate33 has one end mounted on wheel bearing screw 23 in spaced parallelrelation to escapement rocker bracket 20 and the opposite end mounted onbearing plate supporting screw 3| mounted in horizontal relation towheel bearing screw 23 on escapement rocker bracket 20. Bearing plate 30carries bearing screw 32 for rotatably mounting reverse pinion 33intermeshed with the teeth of escapement gear 25 and carriage feed rack29. This provides a means for reversely feeding the carriage in writinglanguages, such as Arabic, through the addition of reverse pinion 33 andbearing plate 30 to the usual escapement wheel assembly of the Remingtontypewriter. The carriage feed rack 29'may 4 be mounted on the carriagein position for either direct intermeshing engagement with the teeth ofescapement gear 25, or with the teeth of reverse pinion 33 in the mannershown in Fig. 2.

An escapement rocker 35 is mounted for oscillating movement on rockerbearing screws 34 mounted in arms arranged in spaced parallel relationon escapement rocker bracket 20. Escapement rocker 35 is formed with afixed stop 33 for limiting movement of loose dog 31 in one direction.Loose dog 31 is pivotally mounted on the upper end of carrying arm 38pivoted at its lower end on escapement rocker 35. Tension spring 39 hasone end attached to loose dog 31 and the opposite end to a stud onrocker 35 and normally moves loose dog carrying arm 38 in acounterclockwise direction and loose dog 31 in a clockwise direction, asshown in Fig. 2, for positioning stepping tooth 43 on the end thereof inthe path of movement of teeth 24 on escapement wheel 22. Theconventional escapement used in the Remington typewriter usually hasanother stop means for limiting the counter-clockwise movement ofcarrying arm 33 in a fixed spaced relation to fixed dog 36 for limitingmovement of the loose dog to secure the desired letter spacing operationof escapement wheel 22. In the present invention, this stop means has asubstitute which will be hereinafter described. The usual loose dogguide bracket 4! is mounted on the same side of escapement rocker 35 asthe loose dog and is constructed in the usual manner to guide loose dog37 for oscillating movement in a substantially horizontal position.

The invention provides a stop bracket 42 mounted on the opposite side ofescapement rocker 35 from loose dog guide bracket 4!. The same screwssecure loose dog guide bracket 4i and stop bracket 42 on opposite sidesof escapement rocker 35 in the central portion thereof. Stop bracket 42is formed with a laterallydirected fixed stop projection 43 extendingover the upper edge of the central portion of escapement rocker 35 intothe path of movement of carrying arm 38 to limit the counter-clockwisemovement thereof, as shown in Fig. 2. This fixed stop 43 cooperates withfixed stop 3% to provide a pair of fixed stops for limiting the movementof loose dog 31 in producing a predetermined spacing operation ofescapement wheel 22 and a uniform letter spacing movement of thecarriage through carriage feed rack 29.

Stop bracket 42 is formed with a lateral projection at the lowerleft-hand end as shown in Fig. 2 projecting away from escapement rocker35 to provide a pivot arm 44 mounting pivoted stop 45 on stud 46 carriedby arm 44 in a position for pivotal movement in a plane substantiallyperpendicular to escapement rocker 35. Pivoted stop 45 is pivotallymounted on stop bracket 42 carried by rocker 35 adjacent the lower endthereof while the upper end has a stopiinger 4'! projecting through slot48 in the upper edge of rocker 35 with the free end projecting beyondthe opposite side of the rocker where it is formed with a dependinginclined lipportion 49.

The free end of stop finger 4! is positioned to project into the path ofmovement of tooth 40 on the free end of loose dog 3'! in the operativepositionof the pivoted stop for limiting counterclockwise movement of.carrying arm 38 and loose dog 31, as shown in Fig. 2, so that it has asmaller amount of movement than that provided between fixed stops 36 and43. In this way pivoted stop 45 securesa. smaller. amount ofmovementofloose dog 31 and a correspondingly smaller amount of movement ofescapement wheel 22 and carriage feed rack 29 for producing a smallerletter spacing movement of the carriage.

The central portion of pivoted stop 45 projects outwardly away fromescapement rocker 35. A stud is mounted on the central portion of rocker35, projects laterally therefrom, rotatably mounts roller 56, and isformed to support one end of tension spring 51 secured at the oppositeend to lower comb 18. This central portion of pivoted stop 45 also hasan operating projection 52 extending laterally from stop 45 in theopposite direction from the stud carryin roller 50. Both roller 56 andoperating projection 52 are positioned for engagement by actuatingmechanism for moving pivoted stop 45 into operative position against thetension of spring 51 normally maintaining the stop in inoperativeposition. An arm 53 at the lower end of pivoted stop 45 is positioned toengage the adjacent face of escapement rocker 35 and limit the movementof stop 45 on the escapement rocker in a clockwise direction as shown inFig. 3. Stop screw 54 limits the oscillating movement of rocker 35 onpivot screws 34 in a clockwise direction as shown in Fig. 3.

A limiting projection 55 on pivoted stop 45 above stud 46 limits themovement of the stop in a counter-clockwise direction, as shown in Fig.3, by engaging the face of escapement rocker 35 to control the positionof pivoted stop 45 relative to escapement rocker 35 so the free end offinger 41 is positioned in the path of movement of the free end of loosedog 31. A tension spring 56 has one end connected to the lower end ofescapement rocker 35 and the opposite end connected to laterallyextending pivot arm 51 on escapement rocker bracket 20. Tension sprin 56cooperates with spring 5| in maintainin the escapement rocker andpivoted stop 45 in the normal position of rest between letter spacingoperations, as shown in Fig. 3.

Fixed stop 58 is formed by a lateral projection on the upper edge ofrocker 35 positioned to engage a tooth on escapement wheel 22 in theoperation of the escapement as rocker 35 is moved in a counter-clockwisedirection as shown in Fig. 4 for stepping cooperation with theescapement wheel and loose dog 31 in securing both single and doublespacing movements of the escapement and carriage.

The typewriter has the usual universal bar 60, Fig. 1, formed withrearwardly extendin arms 61 pivotally connected at the rear ends withtype bar universal oscillator arms 62 carried by oscillator shaft 63rotatably mounted in oscillator bracket 64 secured to type segment I lUniversal bar 66 is of curved form and is slidable in type segment 11 ina position to be engaged by each type bar 16 adjacent the pivot mountingthereof on type segment H as the type bar moves into printing poistionagainst platen 11. This construction and operation of universal bar 60with oscillator arms 62, oscillator shaft 63, and bracket 64 is theconventional type used in the Remington typewriter hereinabove mentionedand shown in Patent No. 2,326,312.

The rear end of arm 61 is positioned to engage roller 65 on escapementoperating bail 66 pivotally mounted on the upwardly extending supportingarm for lower comb I8 at the left-hand end thereof, as shown in Fig. 1.On the opposite side of the pivotal mounting for escapement operatingbail 66 from roller 65, the bail is provided with an arm having one endof escapement link 61 pivotally secured thereto while the opposite endextends rearwardly for connection with the escapement rocker. Theopposite end is screw threaded for slidably receiving sleeve 68 on thescrew threaded end for lengthwise adjustment. Sleeve 68 engages in aslot in the lower edge of escapement rocker 35 in which it is retainedby retaining arm 69 secured to the lower edge of the escapement rocker35 by a retaining screw.

A pair of escapement link adjusting nuts 10 are threaded on the threadedend of escapement link 61 at opposite ends of sleeve 68 and have a sizeadapted to engage opposite faces of escapement rocker 35 when the end oflink 61 is retained in engaged relation with the escapement rocker byarm 69 with sleeve 68 engaged in the notch or recess in the escapementrocker. Sleeve 68- has a length suificient to provide for a limitedamount of movement of escapement rocker 35 independent of the operationthereof by universal bar 66. In the normal typing operation each typebar 56 will operate universal bar 60 to secure a complete oscillatingmovement of escapement rocker 35 for securing a letter spacing operationof the carriage through the cooperation of loose dog 31 and fixed dog 58with teeth 24 on escapement wheel 22. This operation will be clearlyunderstood from the disclosures in the aforementioned patents andapplications.

Accordin to the invention, the escapement rocker is controlled andoperated by other means in addition to universal bar 60 in connectionwith the operation of pivoted stop 45 to secure a different and smallerletter spacing operation of the carriage. For this purpose, mechanism isprovided as an attachment to a standard typewriter construction forselectively securing the operation of pivoted stop 45 to selectivelyproduce the different spacing operation thereof in controlling movementof pivoted dog 31 so that a smaller spacing operation is produced forletter spacing movement of the carriage than when pivoted stop 45 is inthe inoperative position during operation of the escapement rocker bythe universal bar during type bar actuation.

An actuatin slide 15 is slidably mounted for vertical movement in theupper and lower comb assembly carried by back plate I, as shown inFig. 1. An actuating arm 16 has the center portion pivoted on stud 16'carried by slide 15 arranged so that one end engages under roller 50 onpivoted stop 45. Arm 16 is positioned to operate pivoted stop 45 fromits inoperative position of rest between letter spacing operations ofthe carriage into the operative position in upward sliding movement ofactuating slide 15 to secure the operation of pivoted stop 45 incontrolling movement of movable dog 31 to produce the different andsmaller letter spacing operation of the escapement mechanism.

The opposite end of actuating arm 16 has an aperture 11 engaged overstud 18 on actuating slide 15 having a smaller diameter than aperture 11to provide for limited pivotal movement of actuating arm 16 on actuatingslide 15. Tension spring 19 has one end secured to the end of actuatingarm 16 engaged over stud 18, while the opposite end is secured toactuating silde 15 for normally moving actuating arm 16 in a clockwisedirection, as shown in Fig. 3, to retain the free end of arm 16 underroller 50 in its uppermost position. This limited movement of pivotedactuating arm 16 on slide 15 provides for having arm 16 follow roller 50in the operation of bar 83.

the escapement to hold pivoted stop 45 in the operative position insecuring a single or half spacing operation of the escapement mechanismin controlling movement of loose dog 31, in a manner that will behereinafter more fully described. Actuating slide has limited verticalsliding movement governed by the length of recess 80 in the rear edgethereof forming shouldered portions at the top and bottom of the recessfor engagement with lower comb l8.

A supplemental universal bar 8|, Figs. 1 and 5, is provided foroperating actuating slide 15 and pivoted stop to secure the shorterletter spacing operation of the carriage in the operation of theescapement mechanism through suitable linkage. Supplemental universalbar 8! is formed of a pair of angle bars each having one flange engagedin superimposed relation with the other flange of each angle barextending laterally from these superimposed portions in spaced parallelhorizontal relation to provide upper case selector bar and lower caseselector bar 83. Upper case selector bar 82 has the flange transverselyslotted to provide a pluralityof forwardly extending fingers 84 equal innumber to the number of type actions in the typewriter and arranged sothat each finger :84 is adapted for engagement and operation by one ofthe type actions in a manner that will be hereinafter described.

Laterally extending arms 85 are formed on opposite ends of supplementaluniversal bar 8| on the angle bar formedwith lower case selector Arms 85project forwardly and downwardly and are pivotally secured on pivotstuds carried by pivot brackets 86 mounted on case shift levers 81. Caseshift levers 81 are mounted at opposite sides of the typewriter and areoperatedfrom the-keyboard in the usual well-known manner. Case shiftlevers B! have the rear ends secured toshift lever shaft 88 rotatablymounted mechanism are shown which mount the supplemental universal bar8| to support it in such a .way, that :it is moved in the operation ofthe case shift levers 81 for support in both upper and lower casepositions, in order that the desired letter spacing operation of thecarriagemay be obtained for both upper and lower case positions, in viewof some languages having letters :requiring two .or more letter spacingmovements of the carriage, difierent from each Other, in Write ingdifferent upper and lowercase letters. In some cases, it is desired toobtain a different letter spacing operation of the carriage in the uppercase position from :that produced in the lower case position for aparticular type action. The present supplemental universal bar BI iconstructed to obtain selective letter spaci s operations of thecarriage er t pp r a ow rca le t r as m e con ered es abl or r ra e inwr n ny anguag The caseshift mechanism including levers 8'! is shown inthe lowercase position at the upper limit of 'movemcnt'of case shiftlevers -81 in both Figs. 1 and 5.

A selector mechanism is provided for operating supplem'en'tal universalbar 8| selectively in the operation of a selected type action wheresingle or half space operation of the carriage in letter spacingmovement is desired. This selector mechanism has a selector comb 90mounted on transversely extending frame bar 9| secured at opposite endsto front side portions of the typewriter frame. A pivot rod 92 ismounted in the beaded edge of selector comb 90 for pivotally mounting aplurality of selector levers 93 in the central portions thereof. Thelower ends of selector levers 93 are bifurcated to provide a slotrunning lengthwise of the lower end of the lever to slidably engage overa stud 94 mounted on a key lever 4 of a type action.

Selector levers 93 are provided only for those type actions where it isdesired to secure a single spacing operation of the escapement mechanismand a single letter spacing movement of the carriage in either or boththe upper or lower case position. Where it is not desired to obtain.supplemental universal bar 8|. In order to provide a mechanism forobtaining at least a duplex escapement mechanism for obtaining twoletter spacing movements of the carriage, namely single and double spacemovements of the carriage, selector comb 90 is constructed to receiveand pivotally mount a selector lever for every type action normally usedin the typewriter and each key lever 4 is provided with a stud 94, ifdesired, so that selector levers can be used for those type actionswhere both single and double spacing movements of the carriage may bedesired. These two spacing movements of the carriage herein describedmay be referred to as half and full letter spacing movements of thecarriage and it is therefore to be understood that this inventionprovides a mechanism for obtaining at least two different spacingmovements of the carriage for two different letter spacing operationsselectively controlled in the operation of the several type actions.

Key lever 4, as shown in Fig. l, is illustrated in the upper inoperativeposition, as herein above described, with stud 94 near the upper endofthe .slot in bifurcated selector lever 93. Stud .94 is located on keylever 4 in a position to the rear of pivot rod 92 and the lower end ofthe lever extends in angular relation downwardly and rearwardly frompivot rod 92 relative to stud 94 so that as key lever 4 is depressed tooperate type bar It for a printing operation, selector lever 93 will bemoved in a clockwise direction about ivot rod 92, as shown in Fig. 1.The upper end of each selector lever 93 is formed with an operating foot95 positioned in rearwardly extending relation to engage the front edgesof upper and lower case selector bars 82 and 33 respectively, in thelower case position of the case shift mechanism, as shown in Fig. 1.Lower case selector bar 83 is positioned in the lower case position ofthe-case shift mechanism to be engaged by all of the selector levers 93for operating supplemental universal bar 8! for all type actions thatare provided with selector levers 93.

It is desirable in writing Arabic to have a single or half space letterspacing operation of the escapement mechanism and carriage for all lowercase letters and, therefore, lowercase selector 'bar 83 is formed as acontinuous solid flange on supplemental selector bar 8|. Since it isdesirable to have some upper case letters in Arabic printed with asingle letter spacing operation of the carriage while others require adouble letter spacing operation of the carriage, the upper case selectorbar is provided with fingers 84 adapted for positioning so that they mayhave selected engagement with selector levers 93. For those lettersrequiring the full or double spacing operation of the carriage in letterspacing movement where the lower case letters have the half or singlespace operation of the carriage, selector fingers M are bent upwardly asindicated at 84' into a position so they will not be engaged by a foot55 on a selector lever 93 in the operation of a type action in the uppercase position.

A bracket 96 is mounted in the central portion of supplemental universalbar 3! and extends above the bar where it is formed with a forwardlyextending projection having one end of a supplemental escapementoperating link 9? pivotally secured thereto. The rear end of link 91 ispivotally secured to on end of bell crank 98 mounted on tabulator bellcrank shaft 99. The opposite end of bell crank 98 extends under slide 15and carries slide operating screw H09 adjustably mounted therein andhaving the upper end engaging the lower end of actuating slide 15 foroperating pivoted stop 45. A tension spring it)! has one end secured tobell crank 95 and the opposite end secured to retaining plate I 02mounted on the lower edge of key lever bracket 3 and normally used as aspring anchor and means for retaining key levers A pivotally engagedwith the bracket. Tension Spring it! operates to retain bell crank 98and suppl mental universal bar 8| in the inoperative position ready foroperation by a type action to secure a single letter spacing operationof the carriage.

A bar I93, Fig. 1, extends transversely across the frame of thetypewriter above supplemental universal bar 8!. A spring stop finger I94is mounted in the central portion of bar Hi3 and extends downwardly intoa position aligned with bracket 96 on supplemental universal bar 8! forlimiting the counter-clockwise rotation of supplemental universal bar8!, as shown in Fig. 1, operating link 97 and bell crank 98 through theoperation of spring IOI.

In operating a typewriter equipped with the variable spacing mechanismherein described for producing a single and double spacing operation, anoperator actuates the key levers in the usual manner for securing theoperation of each type action to move the type bar for printing on thepaper on the platen. If a key lever selected to secure a single spacingoperation is actuated, stud 94 will operate selector lever 93 associatedtherewith in a clockwise direction, as shown in Fig. l, in the lowercase position for engaging foot 95 with the free edge of lower caseselector bar 83. Further movement of key lever 9 to produce a printingoperation of the type bar will cause lever 93 to move supplementaluniversal bar 8| in a clockwise direction as shown in Fig. l and throughthe linkage mechanism move actuating slide 15 upwardly. This movementwill cause pivoted actuating arm 19 to move pivoted stop 45 in acounter-clockwise direction from the position shown in Fig. 3 so thatthe end of finger 4'! will be moved and retained in alignment with theend of loose dog 31 for limiting its movement in the entire subsequentoperation of the escapement for one letter spacing movement of thecarriage.

As pivoted stop 45 is moved into the operative position shown in Fig. 3,the movement of actuating slide 15 upwardly will also move escapementrocker 35 in a counter-clockwise direction, as shown in Fig. 3, to alimited extent as actuator slide reaches its upper limit of movement.This is obtained through limiting projection 55 engaging the side ofescapement rocker 35 in the movement of pivoted stop t5 into itsoperative position. This movement tends to disengage loose dog 37 from atooth on escapement wheel 22 in the stepping operation between loose dog3'! and fixed dog 58. However, the movement of escapement rocker 35 byoperation of supplemental universal bar 8i is not sufiicient to releaseloose dog 31 from a tooth 24 of escapement wheel 22.

The operated type bar I0 during this operation of actuating slide i5will move from type bar cushion [6 toward the printing position againstthe platen. The operation of stop finger 45 and escapement rocker 35above described through the movement of actuator slide 15 will takeplace while type bar it] is moving toward the printing position andbefore it engages the platen in the printing operation. This operationwill also take place in advance of the point at which type bar I0engages universal bar 69. As type bar I9 moves close into printingposition against platen i1, it will engage universal bar 30 and operatethe usual spacing mechanism of the typewriter which will move escapementrocker 35 in a further counter-clockwise direction into the positionshown in Fig. 4. In Fig. 4 loose dog 31 has been disengaged from a tooth24 and fixed dog 58 has moved into engagement with a tooth 24 in thestepping operation of the dogs. The springs for actuating the escapementrocker will return it to its starting position as a type bar returnsfrom the printing position into its position of rest on type bar cushionbar l5. Loose dog 31 will engage the next tooth 24 on wheel 22completing a single spacing operation of the escapement in the returnmovement to starting position.

Where a key lever 4 is operated to secure the printing of a character,without operating supplemental universal bar 8!, the type bar willoperate the escapement mechanism only through universal bar 69 in theusual manner, which will obtain a full spacing operation provided bymovement of loose dog 3! between fixed stops 35 and 43 in cooperationwith fixed dog 58. This produces a double letter spacing movement of thecarriage, as distinguished from the single letter spacing movementobtained in the operation of pivoted. stop 45 with stop 36 incontrolling loose dog 31.

In writing upper case letters the operator depresses one of the caseshift levers 97, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, to shift type segment H intothe upper case position and simultaneously move supplemental bar 8!downwardly into the upper case position. Lower case selector bar 83 willbe positioned below the end of foot on selec-v tor levers 93 in uppercase position of bar 8|. Foot 95 will be moved in a clockwise direction,as shown in Fig. 1 to engage one of the fingers 84 on upper caseselector bar 82 when a key lever is operated to move the type bar toprint an upper case letter. This will operate supplemental universal bar8! in the same manner as described above to produce a single letterspacing operation of escapement rocker 35 with the movement of thesupplemental escapement mechanism being slightly in advance of the usualescapement operation controlled by type bar actuation of universal bar30.

Sleeve 68 on pivoted actuating arm 61 provides for the movement ofescapement rocker 35 in the operation of the supplemental universal barwhile the adjustment of adjusting nuts 18 provides for the usualescapement operation by universal bar 60.

Where it is desired to produce a double letter spacing movement of thecarriage in the upper case position, as distinguished from a singleletter spacing movement employed in the lower case position for the sametype action, finger 84' is bent into an upwardly and forwardly inclinedposition where it will not be engaged by the foot 95 on selector lever93 in the operation thereof by a key lever. In this way, lever 93 may beoperated in the upper case position, its operation being idle motion inview of lower selector bar 83 being positioned below foot 95 and theupwardly bent finger 84' extending above foot 95 so that it has freemovement without engaging the supplemental universal bar.

A space bar actuating mechanism is also provided on the presenttypewriter for operating the escapement to secure the usual spacingoperation when it is not desired to operate a type action for a letterprinting and spacing movement of the carriage. The usual space bar I? ismounted on a pair of space bar levers I08 as shown in Fig. 1. Space barsupporting shaft IE9 fulcrumed at opposite ends in the side framemembers of the typewriter has levers [08 attached thereto. A space baractuating arm HQ has one end mounted on space bar supporting shaft I69while the opposite end extends to a position forwardly but adjacent backplate I.

A tension spring I l I has one end secured to back plate I and theopposite end to laterally extending arm I i2 on the rear end of spacebar actuating arm ill] for normally moving space bar I0 1 upwardly andresiliently retaining it in an upper position at the front of thetypewriter keyboard. This moves the rear end of space bar actuating armIll] downwardly at the rear of the machine into its normal position ofrest.

A space bar push link H3 has the lower end pivotally mounted on the rearendof space bar actuating arm H0 with the upper end slidably engaged inan aperture in lower comb l8 and a roller l I mounted on the upperextremity thereof in a position immediately below pivoted stop 45 forengagement with laterally extending operating projection 52. Wheneverspace bar I01 is depressed it will move space bar push link I I3upwardly and operate pivoted stop 45 into the operative position tosecure a single space movement of the escapement mechanism and thecarriage through limited movement of loose do 31. This single spacemovement of the carriage will occur in each successive operation ofspace bar I01.

It will be understood that wherever it should be desired to obtain adouble spacing operation of the carriage by the space bar instead of thesingle spacing operation described herein, that this may be obtainedthrough the usual space bar construction and linkage mechanism used fordirectly operating escapement rocker 35 in a well-known manner. However,as herein disclosed it is desirable in writing some languages where avariable space mechanism is used in the typewriter to have a space baroperation that will secure a single spacing movement of the carriageinstead of a greater spacing movement thereof such as the double spacingobtained through the operation of universal bar 60. v

It will be seen from the above description and 12 drawings that byproviding pivoted stop 45 with the bracket for mounting it on escapementrocker 35 and the supplemental universal bar mechanism for operatingslide 15 as attachments to a standard typewriter construction. in whichthe escapement wheel has been exchanged for one with additional teeth, arather simple and inexpensive construction has been provided forobtaining a duplex escapement movement of the typewriter escapementmechanism and carriage.

The invention claimed is:

1. In a typewriter having a plurality of type actions, each including akey lever and a case shiftable type bar, a carriage movably mounted on aframe and normally operated in one direction, an escapement mechanismincluding an escapement wheel, a rocker having movable and fixed dogscooperating with said escapement wheel in the movement of the rocker forproducin letter spacing movements of the carriage, a pair of fixed stopsmounted in spaced relation on said rocker at opposite ends of saidmovable dog for limiting movement thereof in relation to the fixed dogfor cooperation in securing a fixed letter spacing movement of thecarriage, and a universal bar actuated in the operation of each typeaction to oscillate said rocker to produce a letter spacing operation ofthe carriage, a movable stop pivotally mounted on said rocker andmovable into and out of an operative position between said fixed stopsfor engagement with one end of the movable dog to limit the operationthereof in cooperation with the fixed stop on the opposite side of saidmovable dog to produce a smaller letter spacing operation of thecarriage than the spacing obtained in the cooperation of the fixedstops, a supplemental universal bar movably mounted on said typewriterand connected to said movable stop for movin it into operative movabledog engaging position in the movement of said supplemental universalbar, a plurality of selector levers each mounted for engagement of oneend with and operation by a selected key lever while the opposite end ispositioned to engage and move said supplemental universal bar inoperation by said key lever, and means on said supplemental universalbar movable selectively between operative and inoperative positions,engageable by said opposite ends of said selector levers in operativeposition and selectively controlling a supplemental universal baroperation by said selector levers in the operation of selected keylevers for selectively operating said movable stop to produce smallerletter spacing movements of the carriage in the operation of saidtypewriter.

2. The combination claimed in claim 1, comprising a bracket detachablymounted on said rocker formed with one of said fixed stops and havin alaterally extending arm pivotally mounting said movable stop andresilient means for normally operating said movable stop on said bracketfor retaining it in an inoperative position.

3. The combination claimed in claim 1, said supplemental universal barhaving a pair of projecting portions and being shiftably positioned withthe type bars for complementary cooperation with the selector leversoperated by said key levers for individual cooperation with saidselector levers in upper and lower case shift positions of the typebars.

4. The combination claimed in claim 1, said supplemental universal barbeing shiftable with the type bars and formed with a pair of spacedparallel flanges formed for individual engagement with the selectorlevers operated by said key levers in upper and lower case positions,respectively, of the type bars of said typewriter, one of said flangesbeing formed to provide a plurality of tongues, one for cooperation witheach selector lever, said tongues being bendable into and out ofoperative position for selectively controllin operation of thesupplemental universal bar by each selector lever.

5. The combination claimed in claim 1, comprising a space bar actuatingmeans on said typewriter and complementary interengaging parts on saidpivoted stop and space bar actuating means for engagement in theoperation of the space bar for moving said pivoted stop into operativeposition and simultaneously operating said rocker to produce a carriagespacing movement limited by said pivoted stop.

FREDERICK W. SCI-IREMP.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 1,250,416 Barr et a1 Dec. 18, 1917 1,676, 78 Myers July 10,1928 10 2,212,435 Buschmann Aug. 20, 1940 2,527,213 Graepel Oct. 24,1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 292,338 Germany of 1916 528,976Great Britain of 1940

